SAP R/3 System Architecture
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by Arindam Ghosh
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Component Service – Presentation

The presentation components are responsible for the interaction between the R/3 system and the user as well as for desktop component integration (such as word processing and spreadsheets).

SAP R/3 architecture is based on a three-tier client/server model:

·         Presentation Server

·         Application Server

·         Database Server

Though it is a three-tier architecture model, it is not restricted only in three-tier; it can go up to multi-tier client-server system. In SAP the software components are arranged in tiers and function depending on their position. SAP R/3 must have at least one presentation server, one application server and exactly one database server.

Presentation Server

 

Out of the three-tie, presentation server is the one which runs on user workstation. The SAP graphical user interface (SAP GUI) is run on this layer. No application logic is processed in this layer. SAP GUI does not adhere to the style guidelines of its host system. The layer contains the software component that makes up the SAP GUI (graphical user interface). This layer is the interface between the R/3 system and its users. The SAP R/3 uses the SAP GUI to provide intuitive graphical user interface for entering and displaying data. The Presentation layer sends the user’s input to the application server and receives data for display from it. While a SAP GUI component is running, it remains linked to user’s terminal session in the R/3 system.

Application Server

Another tier in the SAP R/3 system is the application server where the actual business logic is being executed. It sends the data to be presented to the user, to the Presentation layer. It comprises the business administration "know-how" of the system and processes pre–defined and user–defined application programs, such as OLTP and the implementation of decision support queries. Application servers are usually connected via a local area network with the database server.

The Application layer consists of one or more application servers and a message server. Each application server contains a set of services used to run the R/3 system. Not practical, you only need one application server to run an R/3 system. But in practice, the services are distributed across more than one application server. This means that not all application servers will provide the full range of services. The message server is responsible for communication between the application servers. It passes requests from one application server to another within the system. It also contains information about application server groups and the current load balancing within them. It uses this information to choose an appropriate server when a user logs onto the system.


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User Comments

Title: Mr.   
Name: Pradip
Date: 2013-01-11 5:02:03 AM
Comment:
Nice
Title: SAP Architecture   
Name: Pradnya
Date: 2012-05-12 4:11:26 AM
Comment:
I think this is Excellent information to Beginners.....
But still I want more info.about it
Title: MR   
Name: Natraj
Date: 2012-03-07 5:00:56 AM
Comment:
Excellent Overview. Thank you :) :)
Title: Great, just what I needed   
Name: Caleb Smith
Date: 2011-02-23 6:08:20 PM
Comment:
I realy did need to know this because I got an A on my test. THANK YOU.
Title: Very good article   
Name: V V R K SARMA
Date: 2011-01-13 4:55:21 AM
Comment:
Very good and very nice description of SAP R/3 architecture. It is very excellent info for beginners
Title: from the star till the end   
Name: chanakya
Date: 2010-12-22 7:06:35 AM
Comment:
good info. thanks for this...!!!!
Title: sap introduction architecture   
Name: mini
Date: 2010-12-10 1:24:05 AM
Comment:
really good description of sap architecture
Title: SAP R/3 architecture   
Name: RRB
Date: 2010-10-13 5:42:47 AM
Comment:
Nice Explanation
Title: SAP does manufacture its own database   
Name: Tarik
Date: 2010-05-05 3:57:55 AM
Comment:
"SAP does not manufacture its own database."
False: See http://maxdb.sap.com/
Title: I still don't understand....help me....!!!   
Name: ivan a
Date: 2010-03-16 9:52:19 PM
Comment:
Hi i'm ivan.....i'd like to learn SAP System
is there somebody can help me?!?!
i still don't get it
thanks before

Regards
Title: This is a Good Article Very Nice   
Name: INDER KUSHWAHA
Date: 2009-10-26 12:57:11 AM
Comment:
Hi Am inder Kushwaha i have Exprince 6 Month SAP BUSINESS ONE SOFTWEARE PROFASANL TRANING SO help me
Title: SAP R/3 System Architecture   
Name: Venkatesh Subramanium
Date: 2009-09-11 1:28:17 AM
Comment:
It is a good article.The begginner can understand in a better manner.
Title: SAP R/3 architecture   
Name: Saravana
Date: 2009-08-07 1:26:24 AM
Comment:
Good article..
But can be still more elaborate or explanatory!!!!
Title: Thanks Madan   
Name: rjr
Date: 2009-05-16 9:08:43 PM
Comment:
Thanks Madan, the original article has diagrams.
Title: really need some diagrams   
Name: sap beginner
Date: 2009-04-16 1:41:42 AM
Comment:
as everyone mentioned some diagrams on architecture would have very usefull
Title: Really need some diagrams!!   
Name: SAP beginner
Date: 2009-04-06 1:52:06 AM
Comment:
Friend,

As everyone mentioned below, some diagrams on architecture would have made it very useful!
Title: Not Original Work!   
Name: Madan
Date: 2009-02-26 1:57:58 AM
Comment:
Hey Guys,
There is nothing great about this article. This has just been copied from SAP Standard material 'SAP BC - ABAP Programming'. Google for 'SAP BC - ABAP Programming' and you will get a pdf file. You can find all these and more in that. Mr Ghosh be original!!! D'ont be a plagiarist!
Title: SAP R/3 System Architecture   
Name: Sardion Maranatha
Date: 2008-12-23 3:42:49 AM
Comment:
excellent article!
Title: Balanced and informative   
Name: Gangadhar Bandyopadhyay
Date: 2008-07-08 9:45:15 AM
Comment:
Dear Arindam,
In a new project,for selecting a business software, when we are finding a write up on SAP for management presentation, your article is the best way of describing SAP.
Thanks
Gangadhar B
Title: SAP R/3 System Architecture   
Name: Sudheer
Date: 2008-07-08 2:28:07 AM
Comment:
Very decent article. Some kind of visual representation could have added more flavor to this.
Title: Tutorial On SAP R/3 Architecture   
Name: Sri Krishna
Date: 2008-05-29 10:55:42 AM
Comment:
Hi Arindam Gosh,

Tutorial on SAP R/3 Architecture is very good. But I would have rated this article "Excellent" if it was explained through some diagrams.

Thanks a lot for detail explanation on SAP R/3 architecture.

Regards,
Sri Krishna.
Title: Mr   
Name: Naveen
Date: 2008-05-22 7:58:52 AM
Comment:
Hello there mate,

Its an good thesis on the SAP R/3 business machine ,How it established and the core components that run teh sap System its good for the starters>keep it up mate good work.
Title: Sap R/3 Architecture   
Name: Somnath Das
Date: 2008-05-20 3:14:19 AM
Comment:
Good one,but need to have some pictorial representation....
Title: wonderful article   
Name: yuva
Date: 2008-05-01 3:52:43 PM
Comment:
A wonderful article which gives a clear picture about SAP
Title: R/3 Architecture   
Name: Satish
Date: 2008-03-24 5:07:13 AM
Comment:
Good one , but should have included Graphical / diagrams about the flow... how R/3 works etc
Title: r/3 three type architechture in sap   
Name: vijay
Date: 2008-01-29 4:31:33 AM
Comment:
good articla
Title: Very Informative   
Name: Mini
Date: 2008-01-10 7:22:06 AM
Comment:
Short and very informative article. Really excellent and helpful for those starts learning SAP. Thanx for the information.
Title: Manager IT   
Name: S K Nag
Date: 2007-12-29 7:55:46 AM
Comment:
The publication is superb, simple for a common man to understand.
Title: Good Historical Peace   
Name: Anon
Date: 2007-12-12 11:25:56 AM
Comment:
Very good article covering the early history of SAP system and overall architecutre. Would have been nice, if some of the development history were included too, like how the ABAP compiler came to picture.
Title: Easy 2 Understand   
Name: Nilesh'z
Date: 2007-09-21 11:33:28 AM
Comment:
A really easy to understand article.This is actually,what I am
looking for.Really rocking article...Thanks
Title: simply superb   
Name: shadowfax
Date: 2007-08-31 9:08:31 AM
Comment:
really excellent..and very helpful.
Title: Simply ossum!!!   
Name: Vivek Lakra
Date: 2007-08-30 6:40:51 AM
Comment:
Thorough, crisp and interesting to its core.
Title: Excellent   
Name: Vivek
Date: 2007-08-21 6:05:28 AM
Comment:
Very Good Article for Starter to understand working of R/3
system.

A great Work.
Title: Great!!   
Name: Anmol Sahu
Date: 2007-08-20 10:09:48 AM
Comment:
Very gd article, comprhensive explantation in a very succinct way - Great, Keep it up!!
Title: Quite Informative   
Name: Subhrajyoti Bhattacharjee
Date: 2007-08-03 3:07:16 AM
Comment:
I found the article quite informative and would say that it has methodically touched upon all the essential elements that a SAP professional is supposed to know...good work!!
Title: Very Helpful   
Name: Mukul Sharma
Date: 2007-07-26 6:03:46 AM
Comment:
Very good description of Architecture
Title: wonderful   
Name: martin opeoluwa
Date: 2007-07-23 10:20:50 PM
Comment:
A great work,SAP introduction encapsuled.
Title: Well Structure and all at once knowing   
Name: Syed Tabraiz Irfan
Date: 2007-05-13 6:30:40 AM
Comment:
Good Approach to evaluate the SAP architectural layers within the help of this article.. good work
Title: well enough   
Name: subramanya
Date: 2007-04-21 11:42:47 PM
Comment:
Best article to know about Sap. very informative article.
Title: Great article !   
Name: Ashish Kognolkar
Date: 2007-03-21 8:02:15 AM
Comment:
Excellent work. A great reading for anyone who is not into SAP and wants to know about R/3 architecture.

The article has a nice easy going flow which answers all queries popping in your mindinstantly.

Thanks !
Title: excellent!!!!   
Name: Nihar Ranjan
Date: 2007-03-12 11:42:13 PM
Comment:
Again Arindam has done a gr8 job.Very well explained and point to point.thanx

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